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Does the Grapefruit Diet Work?

By Roxanne Webber

The citrus isn’t a magic weight-loss cure, as you might have guessed

Followers of the grapefruit diet eat half a grapefruit or a serving of grapefruit juice with every low-calorie, high-protein meal. The diet is based on the premise that grapefruit has an enzyme that burns fat, says Andrea N. Giancoli, a spokesperson for the American Dietetic Association, but that enzyme has never been pinpointed. “It’s just a low-calorie diet. That’s what’s causing the weight loss. It’s nothing in the grapefruit. ... Grapefruit’s been elevated to a magical state, but it’s just a fruit that’s good for you.”

Giancoli estimates that people on the diet eat about 800 to 1,000 calories a day, which is “not enough for anyone to sustain themselves on for any period of time.”

Nevertheless, scientists have studied the fruit’s properties. In 2006, researchers from the Scripps Clinic in La Jolla, California, published the results of a study on grapefruit’s relationship to the metabolism. People who consumed fresh grapefruit or juice three times a day before each meal lost about three pounds more than the placebo group after 12 weeks. The study stipulated that subjects maintain their daily eating habits and “slightly [enhance] their exercise routine.” It’s been well reported that the study was funded by the Florida Department of Citrus. The study concluded that “the mechanism of this weight loss is unknown [but] it would appear reasonable to include grapefruit in a weight reduction diet.”

Giancoli says that the increased exercise could be the reason for the weight loss, and notes: “One study does not make a solid scientific fact.” A second study was just completed in December 2008 by researchers at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, but the findings haven’t been published yet.

CHOW’s Nagging Question column appears every Friday. Got a Nagging Question of your own? Email us.

Roxanne Webber is an associate editor at CHOW.

Published February 12, 2009

Comments

For those on time released medication, grapefruit juice is prohibited, as it either causes the medication to rush through the system faster than needed, thereby diluting the dosage and effectiveness of the drug therapy.

I don't know (or believe) that grapefruit in itself will cause people to lose weight. It's a fruit filled with Vitamin C--2 good things! Regarding the study, similar studies with a person having an apple, orange, bowl of soup, container of yogurt, or glass of water 10-15 minutes before each meal seemed to prevent the study group from over eating because they were full faster and there was enough time lapsed to allow the stomach to start telling the brain that it was full (generally 18-20 minutes).

Caralien: I believe that your statement is incorrect. It is not that grapefruit juice increases the rate of medication delivery so much as grapefruit juice inhibits the production of specific enzymes in the liver, which can lead to buildups of certain medications (e.g. Xanax). If you are taking medication, you should generally check that it has no interaction with grapefruit prior to consuming.

One popular fad diet involves consuming large amounts of grapefruit and grapefruit juice. The theory behind this diet is that grapefruit contains an enzyme that helps burn fat, but this theory has never been proved.
check out http://www.medimanage.com/my-weight/b...

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